While Escherichia coli is the most frequent causative agent, other Enterobacterales, enterococci, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa also cause UTIs. UTIs are caused by several different types of bacteria, so-called uropathogens. However, upper UTIs such as pyelonephritis or kidney abscess are often complicated by sepsis and/or bacteremia therefore, intravenous empiric antibiotic therapy and hospitalization are frequently required. Lower UTIs such as cystitis are usually treated in the outpatient setting.

Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a common infectious disease worldwide. Therefore, an antibiotic strategy based on a disease-specific antibiogram is required. coli was revealed to have a strong impact on antimicrobial resistance pattern. Residence in a nursing home (odds ratio (OR), 2.83 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.18–6.79) and recent antibiotic use (OR, 4.52 95% CI, 1.02–19.97) were independent risk factors for UTI with resistant GNR. Overall susceptibility rate of Enterobacterales was 92%, 81%, 100%, 75%, and 89% for cefmetazole, ceftriaxone, meropenem, levofloxacin, and trimethoprim–sulfamethoxazole, respectively. coli accounted for 25/40 (63%) of resistant GNR. Extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing E. Of the 181 GNR strains considered as causative agents, 135 (75%) were Escherichia coli, and 40 (22%) exhibited third-generation cephalosporin resistance. A total of 172 patients were enrolled (including 38 nursing home residents). This cross-sectional observational retrospective study included patients with community-acquired UTI caused by Gram-negative rods (GNR) who were admitted to the emergency department at a tertiary care hospital in Ibaraki, Japan, in 2017–2018. This study aimed to develop an antibiogram specific for community-acquired UTI and assess the risk factors associated with community-acquired UTI caused by antimicrobial-resistant organisms. A specific antibiogram is necessary for the empiric antibiotic treatment of community-acquired urinary tract infections (UTI) because of the global spread of antimicrobial resistance.

Uti gram negative rods treatment